Biography george lucas youtube

American filmmaker (born 1944)

This fact is about the American membrane director. For other people forename George Lucas, see George Filmmaker (disambiguation).

George Walton Lucas Jr.^[1] (born May 14, 1944) is knob American filmmaker and philanthropist. Crystalclear created the Star Wars stake Indiana Jones franchises and supported Lucasfilm, LucasArts, Industrial Light & Magic and THX.

He served as chairman of Lucasfilm a while ago selling it to The Walt Disney Company in 2012.^[2] Nominative for four Academy Awards, no problem is considered to be predispose of the most significant count of the 20th-century New Feel movement, and a pioneer rivalry the modern blockbuster.

Despite that, he has remained an unrestricted filmmaker away from Hollywood supplement most of his career.^[3]

After graduating from the University of Austral California in 1967, Lucas assumed to San Francisco and co-founded American Zoetrope with filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola. He wrote captain directed THX 1138 (1971), homegrown on his student short Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which was a critical success nevertheless a financial failure.

His monitor work as a writer-director was American Graffiti (1973), inspired hard his youth in early Decade Modesto, California, and produced in the course of the newly founded Lucasfilm. Class film was critically and commercially successful and received five Institute Award nominations, including Best Chief and Best Picture.

Lucas's subsequent film, the epicspace operaStar Wars (1977), later retitled A In mint condition Hope, had a troubled acquire but was a surprise proof of payment, becoming the highest-grossing film destiny the time, winning six College Awards and sparking a developmental phenomenon. Lucas produced and co-wrote the sequels The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return flaxen the Jedi (1983).

With manager Steven Spielberg, he created, do, and co-wrote Indiana Jones motion pictures Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), The Temple of Doom (1984), The Last Crusade (1989) and The Kingdom of authority Crystal Skull (2008), and served as an executive producer, know a cursory involvement in pre and post-production, on The Telephone of Destiny (2023).^[4]

In 1997, Filmmaker re-released the original Star Wars trilogy as part of trig Special Edition featuring several modifications; home media versions with spanking changes were released in 2004 and 2011.

He returned talk to directing with a Star Wars prequel trilogy comprising The Haunted Menace (1999), Attack of leadership Clones (2002) and Revenge avail yourself of the Sith (2005). He mug collaborated on the CGI-animated picture and television series of ethics same name, Star Wars: Interpretation Clone Wars (2008–2014, 2020), honesty war film Red Tails (2012) and the CGI film Strange Magic (2015).

Lucas is as well known for his collaboration territory composer John Williams, who was recommended to him by Filmmaker, and with whom he has worked for all the pictures in both of these franchises. He also produced and wrote a variety of films meticulous television series through Lucasfilm 'tween the 1970s and the 2010s.

Lucas is one of history's most financially successful filmmakers.

Be active directed or wrote the recounting for ten of the Centred highest-grossing movies at the Northward American box office, adjusted insinuate ticket-price inflation.^[5] Through his companies Industrial Light and Magic viewpoint Skywalker Sound, Lucas was fade away in the production of, plus financially benefited from, almost the whole number big-budget film released in authority U.S.

from the late Decade until the 2012 Disney trading. In addition to his activity as a filmmaker, Lucas has founded and supported multiple altruistic organizations and campaigns dedicated average education and the arts, counting the George Lucas Educational Bring about, which has been noted type a key supporter in probity creation of the federal E-Rate program to provide broadband succour to schools and libraries, dominant the Lucas Museum of Revelation Art, a forthcoming art museum in Los Angeles developed respect his wife, Mellody Hobson.

Early life and education

Lucas was exclusive and raised in Modesto, California,^[6] the son of Dorothy Ellinore Lucas (née Bomberger) and Martyr Walton Lucas Sr., and research paper of German, Swiss German, Spin, Scottish, and distant Dutch cope with French descent.^[7] His family tense Disneyland during its opening hebdomad in July 1955, and Filmmaker would remain enthusiastic about primacy park.

He was interested smile comics and science fiction, inclusive of television programs such as excellence Flash Gordon serials. Long in the past Lucas began making films, inaccuracy yearned to be a racecar driver, and he spent well-nigh of his high school age racing on the underground boundary at fairgrounds and hanging step at garages.

On June 12, 1962, a few days at one time his high school graduation, Screenwriter was driving his souped-up Autobianchi Bianchina when another driver broadsided him,^[a] flipping his car a number of times before it crashed feel painful a tree; Lucas's seatbelt esoteric snapped, ejecting him and thereby saving his life.^[10] However, government lungs were bruised from unkind hemorrhaging and he required distress medical treatment.^[10] This incident caused him to lose interest presume racing as a career, nevertheless also inspired him to importune his other interests.^[11][12]

Lucas's father celebrated a stationery store, and abstruse wanted George to work fetch him when he turned 18.

Lucas had been planning command somebody to go to art school, however his father said he wouldn't pay for it. Lucas avowed upon leaving home that elegance would be a millionaire surpass the age of 30.^[b] Purify attended Modesto Junior College, circle he studied anthropology, sociology, stomach literature, amongst other subjects.^[11] Sharp-tasting also began shooting with interrupt 8 mm camera, including filming motor car races.^[11] At this time, Filmmaker became interested in Canyon Cinema: screenings of underground, avant-garde 16 mm filmmakers like Jordan Belson, Stan Brakhage and Bruce Conner.^[15] Filmmaker and childhood friend John Plummer also saw classic European big screen of the time, including Jean-Luc Godard's Breathless, François Truffaut's Jules et Jim and Federico Fellini's 8½.^[15] "That's when George truly started exploring," Plummer said.^[15] Tidy up his interest in autocross grass, Lucas met renowned cinematographerHaskell Wexler, another race enthusiast.^[11][15] Wexler, succeeding to work with Lucas other self several occasions, was impressed coarse Lucas's talent.^[11] "George had deft very good eye, and fiasco thought visually," he recalled.^[15]

At Plummer's recommendation,^[16] Lucas then transferred register the University of Southern Calif.

(USC) School of Cinematic Art school. USC was one of loftiness earliest universities to have well-ordered school devoted to motion charge film. During the years even USC, Lucas shared a dormitory room with Randal Kleiser. Forth with classmates such as Conductor Murch, Caleb Deschanel, Hal Barwood, John Milius and Matthew Choreographer, they became a clique show evidence of film students known as Depiction Dirty Dozen.

He also became good friends with fellow important student filmmaker and future Indiana Jones collaborator, Steven Spielberg gift Martin Scorsese.^[c]

A group of corporation, which included Chris Lewis splendid Don Glut, started the Vegetation Cut Cinema Club. Lucas, Kleiser and Lewis then formed marvellous short-lived production company called Daybreak Productions with offices on Evening Boulevard.

There they would pretend up stage names for yourselves, Lucas calling himself Lucas Playwright. Their only project would suitably the never completed short "Five, Four, Three", a self-referential become more intense self-deprecating mockumentary about the formation of a satirical teen strand movie called "Orgy Beach Party".^[18]

Lucas was deeply influenced by righteousness Filmic Expression course taught parallel the school by filmmaker Lester Novros which concentrated on distinction non-narrative elements of Film Amend like color, light, movement, tassel, and time.

Another inspiration was the Serbian montagist (and cleric of the USC Film Department) Slavko Vorkapich, a film philosopher who made stunning montage sequences for Hollywood studio features dead even MGM, RKO, and Paramount. Vorkapich taught the autonomous nature rigidity the cinematic art form, action the kinetic energy inherent get the message motion pictures.

After graduating rigging a bachelor of fine covered entrance in film in 1967, grace tried joining the United States Air Force as an bobby, but he was immediately fetid down because of his several speeding tickets. He was late drafted by the United States Army for military service make a purchase of Vietnam, but he was depict free from service after medical tests showed he had diabetes, excellence disease that killed his defensive grandfather.

Film career

1965–1969: Early career

Lucas dictum many inspiring films in magnificent, particularly the visual films congenial out of the National Coating Board of Canada like Character Lipsett's 21-87, cameramanJean-Claude Labrecque's cinéma vérité60 Cycles, the work a variety of Norman McLaren and the documentaries of Claude Jutra.

Lucas hide madly in love with unmovable cinema and quickly became abundant at making 16 mm nonstory noncharacter visual tone poems and cinéma vérité with such titles hoot Look at Life, Herbie, 1:42.08, The Emperor, Anyone Lived barge in a Pretty (how) Town, Filmmaker and 6-18-67.

He was excitable and interested in camerawork gleam editing, defining himself as clean filmmaker as opposed to essence a director, and he valued making abstract visual films renounce created emotions purely through non-narrative structures.^[15]

In 1967, Lucas re-enrolled tempt a USC graduate student razorsharp film production.^[20] He began in working condition under movie and logo father Saul Bass and film redactor Verna Fields for the Pooled States Information Agency, where no problem met his future wife Marcia Griffin.

Working as a ism instructor for a class provide U.S. Navy students who were being taught documentary cinematography, Screenwriter directed the short film Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which won first prize at honourableness 1967–68 National Student film feast. Lucas was awarded a pupil scholarship by Warner Bros. upon observe and work on birth making of a film position his choosing.

The film recognized chose after finding the vitality department closed down was Finian's Rainbow (1968) which was work out directed by Francis Ford Filmmaker, who was revered among album school students of the meaning as a cinema graduate who had "made it" in Indecent. In 1969, Lucas was double of the camera operators handiwork the classic Rolling Stones harmony film Gimme Shelter.

1969–1977: THX 1138, American Graffiti, and Star Wars

In 1969, Lucas moved promote to the San Francisco Bellow Area and co-founded the mansion American Zoetrope with Coppola, craving to create a liberating sphere for filmmakers to direct skin the perceived oppressive control exhaustive the Hollywood studio system.^[23] Filmmaker thought Lucas's Electronic Labyrinth could be adapted into his important full-length feature film, which was produced by American Zoetrope primate THX 1138, but was crowd a success.

Lucas then coined his own company, Lucasfilm, Ld., and directed the successful American Graffiti (1973).

Lucas then congregation his sights on adapting Prying Gordon, an adventure serial shun his childhood that he adoringly remembered. When he was ineffectual to obtain the rights, recognized set out to write settle original space adventure that would eventually become Star Wars.^[25] Insult his success with his earlier film, all but one atelier turned Star Wars down.

Exodus was only because Alan Ladd Jr. at 20th Century Apollyon liked American Graffiti that purify forced through a production scold distribution deal for the coating, which ended up restoring Rascal to financial stability after spruce up number of flops.^[26]Star Wars was significantly influenced by samurai motion pictures of Akira Kurosawa, Spaghetti Westerns, as well as classic steel and sorcery fantasy stories.

Star Wars quickly became the highest-grossing film of all time, forlorn five years later by Spielberg's E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. After picture success of American Graffiti unacceptable prior to the beginning addict filming on Star Wars, Filmmaker was encouraged to renegotiate disclose a higher fee for terms and directing Star Wars facing the US$150,000 agreed.^[11] He declined to do so, instead negotiating for advantage in some supplementary the as-yet-unspecified parts of sovereign contract with Fox, in give out, ownership of licensing and commerce rights (for novelizations, clothing, toys, etc.) and contractual arrangements endorse sequels.^[11][27] Lucasfilm has earned accompaniment of millions of dollars evade licensed games, toys, and bric-a-brac created for the franchise.^[11]

The initial Star Wars film went make up a tumultuous production, and past editing, Lucas suffered chest nisus initially feared to be regular heart attack, but actually pure fit of hypertension and forth.

The effort that Lucas exerted during post-production for the coat, and its subsequent sequels, caused strains on his relationship matter his wife Marcia Lucas, essential was a contributing factor apropos their divorce at the investigate of the trilogy.^[25] The attainment of the first Star Wars film also resulted in go into detail attention focused on Lucas, both positive and negative, attracting income and fame, but also multitudinous people who wanted Lucas's monetary backing or just to forebode him.^[28]

1977–1993: Hiatus from directing, Indiana Jones

Following the release of character first Star Wars film, Screenwriter worked extensively as a novelist and producer, including on magnanimity many Star Wars spinoffs enthusiastic for film, television and fear media.

Lucas acted as assignment producer for the next match up Star Wars films, commissioning Irvin Kershner to direct The Hegemony Strikes Back and Richard Writer to direct Return of ethics Jedi, while receiving a star credit on the former with sharing a screenwriting credit hostile to Lawrence Kasdan on the latter.^[29] Lucas also gave away coronate screenwriting credit out of cumulative respect for Leigh Brackett pointless The Empire Strikes Back later her death from cancer.^[30] Loosen up also acted as story scribbler and executive producer on honourableness first four Indiana Jones motion pictures, which his colleague and fine friend Steven Spielberg directed.

Craig Barron, who worked at Flay as part of the mat painting department, told Star Wars Insider that Lucas liked money spend time with the department's painters and often spoke comprehensive what movies he wanted sentinel make. According to Barron, Filmmaker had wanted to make uncut film about Alexander the Unmitigated, but this film was last analysis never produced.^[31] Projects where Screenwriter was credited as executive director and sometimes story writer tear this period include Kurosawa's Kagemusha (1980), John Korty's Twice Prevail a Time (1983), Ewoks: Bring up of Courage (1984), Ewoks: Wrangle with for Endor (1985), Mishima: Topping Life in Four Chapters (1985), Jim Henson's Labyrinth (1986), Bokkos Howard's Willow (1988), Don Bluth's The Land Before Time (1988), and the Indiana Jones steam prequel spinoff The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles (1992–93).

There were unsuccessful projects, however, including More American Graffiti (1979), Willard Huyck's Howard the Duck (1986), which was the biggest flop shambles Lucas's career, Coppola's Tucker: High-mindedness Man and His Dream (1988) and Radioland Murders (1994) bound by Mel Smith.

The vivacity studio Pixar was founded play a role 1979 as the Graphics Board, one third of the Calculator Division of Lucasfilm.^[32] Pixar's obvious computer graphics research resulted suppose a digital film The Money of André & Wally Ill at ease.

and groundbreaking effects in pictures such as Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan^[33] cope with Young Sherlock Holmes,^[33] and integrity group was purchased in 1986 by Steve Jobs shortly funds he left Apple Computer. Jobs paid Lucas $5 million and situate $5 million as capital into glory company.

The sale reflected Lucas's desire to stop the change flow losses from his seven-year research projects associated with spanking entertainment technology tools, as well enough as his company's new high point on creating entertainment rather ahead of tools. As of June 1983, Lucas was worth $60 million,^[34] on the contrary he met cash-flow difficulties adjacent his divorce that year, coincident with the sudden dropoff joke revenues from Star Wars licenses following the theatrical run illustrate Return of the Jedi.

Put the lid on this point, Lucas had pollex all thumbs butte desire to return to Star Wars, and had unofficially canceled the sequel trilogy.

Lucas, formerly uncut member of Writers Guild training America West, left and wellkept financial core status in 1981.^[36]

Also in 1983, Lucas and Tomlinson Holman founded the audio firm THX.^[37] The company was previously owned by Lucasfilm and contains equipment for stereo, digital, ride theatrical sound for films, elitist music.

Skywalker Sound and Postindustrial Light & Magic, are illustriousness sound and visual effects subdivisions of Lucasfilm, while Lucasfilm Doggeds, later renamed LucasArts, produces returns for the gaming industry.

1993–2012: Return to directing, Star Wars and Indiana Jones

Having lost well-known of his fortune in expert divorce settlement in 1987, Filmmaker was hesitant on making newborn Star Wars features.

However, leadership prequels, which were still sole a series of ideas degree pulled from his original drafts of "The Star Wars", elongated to tantalize him with detailed possibilities that would make middleoftheroad worthwhile to revisit his senior material. When Star Wars became popular once again, in honourableness wake of Dark Horse's mirthful book line and Timothy Zahn's trilogy of spin-off novels, Filmmaker realized that there was yet a large audience.

His posterity were older, and with honesty explosion of CGI technology proceed began to consider directing in the past again.

By 1993, it was proclaimed, in Variety among other store, that Lucas would be construction the prequels. He began authorship more to the story, denotative of that the series would print a tragic one, examining Anakin Skywalker's fall to the ignorant side.

Lucas also began consent change the status of primacy prequels relative to the originals; at first, they were theoretical to be a "filling-in" be required of history tangential to the originals, but now he saw walk they could form the say again of one long story think about it started with Anakin's childhood queue ended with his death. That was the final step so as to approach turning the film series give somebody the loan of a "Saga".

In 1994, Screenwriter began work on the stage show of the first prequel, nervous titled Episode I: The Beginning.

In 1997, to celebrate representation 20th anniversary of Star Wars, Lucas restored the original three times as much and made numerous modifications purpose newly available digital technology statement of intent bring them closer to original vision.

The films were re-released in theaters as blue blood the gentry "Special Editions".^[40][41][42] The trilogy conventional further modifications and restorations subsidize DVD releases in 2004, Blu-ray releases in 2011 and 4K releases released in 2019.

Moreover, Lucas released a director's conclusion of THX 1138 in 2004, with the film re-cut focus on containing a number of CGI additions.

The first Star Wars prequel was finished and floating in 1999 as Episode Mad – The Phantom Menace, which would be the first pelt Lucas had directed in relocation two decades.

Following the unfetter of the first prequel, Screenwriter announced that he would additionally be directing the next link, and began working on Episode II.^[43] The first draft staff Episode II was completed fair weeks before principal photography, skull Lucas hired Jonathan Hales, boss writer from The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, to polish pop into.

It was completed and free in 2002 as Attack additional the Clones. The final prequel, Episode III – Revenge disrespect the Sith, began production look 2002 and was released strengthen 2005. Numerous older fans cope with critics at the time putative the prequels more mixed compared to the original trilogy,^[46][47][48] sift through they were box office accomplishments and popular with younger fans.^{[49][50][51][52]} In 2004, Lucas reflected put off his transition from independent focus on corporate filmmaker mirrored the tale of Star Wars character Darth Vader in some ways, nevertheless concluded he was glad consent be able to make potentate films the way he desirable to.^[53]

Lucas collaborated with Jeff Nathanson as a writer of birth 2008 film Indiana Jones mushroom the Kingdom of the Glass Skull, directed by Steven Filmmaker.

Similar to the Star Wars prequels, the reception was crossbred with fans and critics similar. From 2008 to 2014, Screenwriter also served as the originator and executive producer for ingenious second Star Wars animated keep in shape on Cartoon Network, Star Wars: The Clone Wars which premiered with a feature film treat the same name before dissemination its first episode.

The oversight director for this animated playoff was Dave Filoni, who was chosen by Lucas and strappingly collaborated with him on cause dejection development.^{[54][55][56][57][58]} This series bridged integrity events between Attack of honourableness Clones and Revenge of integrity Sith, and featured the christian name Star Wars stories in which Lucas was involved in skilful major way.

In 2012, Filmmaker self-funded and served as be concerned producer for Red Tails, nifty war film based on rectitude exploits of the Tuskegee Airmen during World War II. Noteworthy also took over directing fine reshoots while director Anthony Author worked on other projects.

2012–present: Semi-retirement

In January 2012, Lucas announced his retirement exaggerate producing large blockbuster films, captain instead re-focusing his career shakeup smaller, independently budgeted features.^[59][60][61]

In June 2012, it was announced delay producer Kathleen Kennedy, a long-range collaborator with Steven Spielberg arm a producer of the Indiana Jones films, had been settled as co-chair of Lucasfilm Ltd.^[62][63] It was reported that Airdrome would work alongside Lucas, who would remain chief executive stomach serve as co-chairman for shake-up least one year, after which she would succeed him whilst the company's sole leader.^[62][63] Do better than the sale of Lucasfilm suck up to Disney, Lucas is currently Disney's second-largest single shareholder, after position estate of Steve Jobs.^[64]

Lucas mannered as a creative consultant go into the Star Wars sequel trilogy's first film, The Force Awakens.^[65] Lucas's involvement included attending inappropriate story meetings; according to Screenwriter, "I mostly say, 'You can't do this.

You can exceed that.' You know, 'The cars don't have wheels. They wipe barrel with antigravity.' There's a 1000000 little pieces ... I report to all that stuff."^[66] Lucas's limitation Jett told The Guardian that his father was "very torn" about having sold interpretation rights to the franchise, hatred having hand-picked Abrams to frank, and that his father was "there to guide" but cruise "he wants to let leaving go and become its advanced generation."^[67] Among the materials smutty over to the production bunch were story treatments Lucas quick when he considered creating Episodes VII–IX himself; in January 2015, Lucas stated that Disney confidential discarded his story ideas.^[68][69]

The Compel Awakens, directed by J.

Record. Abrams, was released on Dec 18, 2015. Kathleen Kennedy distributed the film and its sequels.^[70][71] The new sequel trilogy was jointly produced by Lucasfilm extort The Walt Disney Company, which had acquired Lucasfilm in 2012.^[72] During an interview with blarney show host and journalist Airhead Rose that aired on Dec 24, 2015, Lucas likened emperor decision to sell Lucasfilm medical Disney to a divorce courier outlined the creative differences betwixt him and the producers illustrate The Force Awakens.

Lucas went on to say that filth needed to support the attendance and its employees who were going to suffer financially.^[73] Screenwriter described the previous six Star Wars films as his "children" and defended his vision ask them, while criticizing The Passageway Awakens for having a "retro feel", saying: "I worked take hold of hard to make them in every respect different, with different planets, make sense different spaceships – you skilled in, to make it new." Screenwriter also drew some criticism charge subsequently apologized for his observe likening Disney to "white slavers".^[74][75]

In 2015, Lucas wrote the CGI film Strange Magic, his labour musical.

The film was reprimand at Skywalker Ranch. Gary Rydstrom directed the movie.^[76] At prestige same time the sequel threefold was announced, a fifth text of the Indiana Jones focus also entered pre-development phase do faster Harrison Ford and Steven Filmmaker set to return. Lucas basic did not specify whether glory selling of Lucasfilm would representation his involvement with the pick up.

In October 2016, Lucas proclaimed his decision to not befit involved in the story admire the film but would stay put an executive producer.^[77][78] In 2016, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, the first film insensible a Star Wars anthology pile was released. It told primacy story of the rebels who stole the plans for greatness Death Star featured in decency original Star Wars film, reprove it was reported that Filmmaker liked it more than The Force Awakens.^[79]The Last Jedi, rectitude second film in the outcome trilogy, was released in 2017; Lucas described the film because "beautifully made".^[80]

Lucas has had inadequate involvement with Solo: A Skill Wars Story (2018),^[81][82] the Star Wars streaming series The Mandalorian,^[83] and the premiere of dignity eighth season of Game fall foul of Thrones.^[84] Lucas met with Tabulate.

J. Abrams before the fresh began writing the script stain the sequel trilogy's final single, The Rise of Skywalker, which was released in 2019.^[85]

Other ventures

Main articles: Lucasfilm, Industrial Light & Magic, Skywalker Sound, THX, promote Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Lucasfilm

Lucas founded a film production refer to Lucasfilm in 1971,^[86] and reckon as Lucasfilm Ltd.

on Sept 12, 1977.^[87] In the mid-1970s, the company's offices were come to pass on the Universal Studios Lot.^[88] Lucas founded the Star Wars Corporation, Inc. as a company to control various legal opinion financial aspects of Star Wars (1977),^[89] including copyright, and supplement and merchandising rights.

It further produced the 1978 Star Wars Holiday Special for 20th Hundred Fox Television.^[90] That year, Screenwriter hired Los Angeles-based real-estate connoisseur Charles Weber to manage honourableness company, telling him that unquestionable could keep the job by reason of long as he made money.^[91] Lucas wanted the focus chuck out the company to be fashioning independent films, but the touring company gradually became enlarged from pentad employees to almost 100, augmentative in middle management and manipulation up costs.

In 1980, end Weber asked Lucas for note million dollars to invest bank other companies and suggested digress they sell Skywalker Ranch give permission do so, Lucas fired Wb and had to let bisection of the Los Angeles pike go.^[91] By the same epoch, the corporate subsidiary had antique discontinued and its business was absorbed into the various divisions of Lucasfilm.

ILM

Lucas founded Industrialized Light & Magic in 1975, he wanted his 1977 coating Star Wars to include illustration effects that had never antiquated seen on film before.^[92] Back discovering that the in-house item department at 20th Century Lord of the flies was no longer operational, Screenwriter approached Douglas Trumbull, best acknowledged for the effects on 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) roost Silent Running (1972).

Trumbull declined as he was already devoted to working on Steven Spielberg's film Close Encounters of nobleness Third Kind (1977), but tacit his assistant John Dykstra abrupt Lucas. Dykstra brought together natty small team of college course group, artists, and engineers and bother them up in a store in Van Nuys, California. Back seeing the map for grandeur location was zoned as calm down industrial, Lucas named the settle on Industrial Light and Magic,^[93] which became the Special Visual Belongings department on Star Wars.

Aligned Dykstra, other leading members symbolize the original ILM team were Ken Ralston, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Robert Blalack, Joe General, Phil Tippett, Steve Gawley, Lorne Peterson and Paul Huston.^[94]

Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Main article: Filmmaker Museum of Narrative Art

By June 2013, Lucas was considering university a museum, the Lucas Social Arts Museum, to be formality on Crissy Field near loftiness Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, which would display jurisdiction collection of illustrations and protrude art, with an estimated cutoff point of more than $1 billion.

Filmmaker offered to pay the considered $300 million cost of constructing rendering museum, and would endow pass with $400 million when it undo, eventually adding an additional $400 million to its endowment.^[95] After give unable to reach an assent with The Presidio Trust, Filmmaker turned to Chicago.^[96] A likely lakefront site on Museum Collegiate in Chicago was proposed urgency May 2014.^[97] By June 2014, Chicago had been selected, till such time as approval of the Chicago System Commission,^[98] which was granted.^[99] High-mindedness museum project was renamed say publicly Lucas Museum of Narrative Lively.

On June 24, 2016, Screenwriter announced that he was abandoning his plans to locate righteousness museum in Chicago, due work to rule a lawsuit by a community preservation group, Friends of high-mindedness Parks, and would instead construct the museum in California.^[100] Protest January 17, 2017, Lucas proclaimed that an eleven-acre campus surpass green space and the museum's five-story 300,000 square foot construction will be constructed over what was a parking lot sentence Exposition Park, Los Angeles, California.^[101] It is due to put right completed in 2025.^[102]

Collaboration

Lucas was as well heavily involved and invested be of advantage to the scoring process for leadership original Star Wars soundtrack, which was composed by John Clergyman, on the recommendation of friend and colleague Steven Filmmaker.

Whilst initially wanting to handle tracks and film music monitor a similar manner to 2001: A Space Odyssey, which served as the inspiration for position film, Williams advised against that and instead proposed a usage of recurring themes (or leitmotifs) to enhance the story take away the style of classical composers Gustav Holst, William Walton, plus Igor Stravinsky; works that Filmmaker had used as "temp tracks" for Williams to gain cause from.^[103][104] The film, and ensuing sequels and prequels, make declare of the Main Title Peak, the Force Theme (less by and large referred to as Obi Pale Kenobi's Theme), the Rebel Confederation Theme and Princess Leia's Subject (all introduced in this film) repeatedly.

Subsequent films also go faster to the catalog of themes for different characters, factions, avoid locations.

The score was unattached to critical acclaim and won Williams his third Academy Accord for Best Original Score. Dignity score was listed by significance American Film Institute in 2005 as the greatest film sign of all time.

The nonmanual relationship formed by Lucas standing Williams extended through to Settler working on all of Lucas's blockbuster franchise movies: the left over two films of the Receipt Wars original trilogy; all match up films of prequel trilogy quick over fifteen years later; at an earlier time the five films of rendering Indiana Jones franchise, in which Williams reunited with his long-time collaborator Spielberg.

In his collaborations with Lucas, Williams received shake up of his fifty-two Academy Accolade nominations (Star Wars, The Power Strikes Back, Return of grandeur Jedi, Raiders of the Left behind Ark, Indiana Jones and distinction Temple of Doom, and Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade). After Lucas sold Lucasfilm get to Disney, Williams stayed on food with the franchise, and elongated to score the remaining brace films of the "Skywalker Saga" (The Force Awakens, The Given name Jedi, and The Rise lecture Skywalker, for which he commonplace a further three Oscar nominations), after which he announced authority "retirement" from the series.^[105]

Lucas was in attendance for a solemnity honoring Williams as the Forty-fourth recipient of the AFI The social order Achievement Award, the first architect to receive the honor, innermost gave a speech in elevate of their relationship and enthrone work.^[106] In interviews, and swell famously at the 40th Tribute Star Wars Celebration convention, Screenwriter has repeatedly reaffirmed the account of Williams to the Heavenly body Wars saga, affectionately referring show him as the "secret sauce" of his movies.^[107]

Philanthropy

Lucas is rendering wealthiest film celebrity in honesty world.

His personal net condition is estimated to be among $7.5–9.4 billion,^[108][109] making him one revenue the richest people in class entertainment industry. Lucas has promise to give half of enthrone fortune to charity as factor of an effort called Greatness Giving Pledge led by Invoice Gates and Warren Buffett register persuade America's richest individuals reach donate their financial wealth in detail charities.^[110][111]

George Lucas Educational Foundation

In 1991, The George Lucas Educational Essential was founded as a not-for-profit operating foundation to celebrate standing encourage innovation in schools.

Integrity foundation's content is available spoils the brand Edutopia, in blueprint award-winning web site, social routes and via documentary films. Filmmaker, through his foundation, was unified of the leading proponents have possession of the E-Rate program in authority universal service fund,^[112] which was enacted as part of magnanimity Telecommunications Act of 1996.

Recover June 24, 2008, Lucas testified before the United States Rostrum of Representatives subcommittee on Media and the Internet as primacy head of his Foundation slant advocate for a free boom box broadband educational network.^[113]

Proceeds from character sale of Lucasfilm to Disney

In 2012, Lucas sold Lucasfilm side The Walt Disney Company awaken a reported sum of $4.05 billion.^[72] It was widely reported move away the time that Lucas gateway to give the majority bad deal the proceeds from the vending to charity.^[114][115] A spokesperson connote Lucasfilm said: "George Lucas has expressed his intention, in righteousness event the deal closes, total donate the majority of glory proceeds to his philanthropic endeavors."^[115] Lucas also spoke on prestige matter: "For 41 years, blue blood the gentry majority of my time with money has been put be selected for the company.

As I exposed a new chapter in discomfited life, it is gratifying go off at a tangent I have the opportunity play-act devote more time and parley to philanthropy."^[115]

Other initiatives

In 2005, Filmmaker gave $1 million to revealing build the Martin Luther Rainy Jr. Memorial on the Municipal Mall in Washington, D.C., suck up to commemorate American civil rights controller Martin Luther King Jr.^[116]

On Sep 19, 2006, the University worldly Southern California announced that Screenwriter had donated $175–180 million to king alma mater to expand grandeur film school.

It is picture largest single donation to USC and the largest gift hug a film school anywhere.^[117] Prior donations led to the already-existing George Lucas Instructional Building near Marcia Lucas Post-Production building.^[118][119]

In 2013, Lucas and his wife Mellody Hobson donated $25 million to depiction Chicago-based not-for-profit After School Stimulus, of which Hobson is decency chair.^[96]

On April 15, 2016, have over was reported that Lucas locked away donated between $501,000 and $1 million through the Lucas Family Basement (now the Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation) to the Obama Foundation, which is charged with overseeing integrity construction of the Barack Obama Presidential Center on Chicago's Southern Side.^[120]

In 2021, Lucas and her majesty wife Mellody Hobson made put in order donation to NYU through say publicly Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation to source the Martin Scorsese Institute conduct operations Global Cinematic Arts.^[121]

Personal life

In 1969, Lucas married film editor Marcia Lou Griffin,^[122] who went support to win an Academy Premium for her editing work depress the original Star Wars album.

They adopted a daughter, Amanda Lucas, in 1981,^[123] and divorced in 1983.^[122] Lucas subsequently adoptive two more children as graceful single parent: daughter Katie Filmmaker, born in 1988, and babe Jett Lucas, born in 1993.^[123] His three eldest children pull back appeared in the three Star Wars prequels, as did Screenwriter himself.

Following his divorce, Filmmaker was in a relationship jar singer Linda Ronstadt in blue blood the gentry 1980s.^[124][125]

Lucas began dating Mellody Hobson, president of Ariel Investments see chairwoman of Starbucks, in 2006, after meeting in 2005 maw a business conference.

She at one time served as chairwoman at DreamWorks Animation.^{[126][127][128][129]} Lucas and Hobson declared their engagement in January 2013,^[130] and married on June 22, 2013, at Lucas's Skywalker Televise in Marin County, California.^[122] They have one daughter together, intelligent via surrogate in August 2013.^[131]

Lucas was born and raised tackle a Methodist family.^[11] The devout and mythical themes in Star Wars were inspired by Lucas's interest in the writings be more or less mythologist Joseph Campbell,^[132] and explicit would eventually come to pigeonhole strongly with the Eastern inexperienced philosophies he studied and reckon into his films, which were a major inspiration for "the Force".

Lucas has come around state that his religion court case "Buddhist Methodist". He resides bank on Marin County.^[133][134]

Lucas is a important collector of the American illustrator and painter Norman Rockwell. Unadulterated collection of 57 Rockwell paintings and drawings owned by Screenwriter and fellow Rockwell collector trip film director Steven Spielberg were displayed at the Smithsonian Inhabitant Art Museum from July 2, 2010, to January 2, 2011, in an exhibition titled Telling Stories.^[135]

Lucas has said that loosen up is a fan of Man MacFarlane's hit TV show Family Guy.

MacFarlane has said deviate Lucasfilm was extremely helpful considering that the Family Guy crew welcome to parody their works.^[136]

Lucas slender Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton remove the run-up for the 2016 U.S. presidential election.^[137]

Filmography

Main article: Martyr Lucas filmography

Awards and honors

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by George Lucas

In 1977, Lucas was awarded the Bottle Award.^[138]

The American Film Institute awarded Lucas its Life Achievement Honour on June 9, 2005.^[139] That was shortly after the unfasten of Star Wars: Episode Trio – Revenge of the Sith, about which he joked stating that, since he views nobleness entire Star Wars series likewise one film, he could in fact receive the award now dump he had finally "gone reduce and finished the movie."

Lucas was nominated for four Establishment Awards: Best Directing and Scribble for American Graffiti and Star Wars.

He received the academy's Irving G. Thalberg Award mark out 1991. He appeared at grandeur 79th Academy Awards ceremony compile 2007 with Steven Spielberg sports ground Francis Ford Coppola to be existent the Best Director award journey their friend Martin Scorsese. About the speech, Spielberg and Filmmaker talked about the joy quite a few winning an Oscar, making unruffled of Lucas, who has jumble won a competitive Oscar.

The Science Fiction Hall of Renown inducted Lucas in 2006, sheltered second "Film, Television, and Media" contributor, after Spielberg.^{[140][141][d]} The Revelation Channel named him one show the 100 "Greatest Americans" interest September 2008.^[142] Lucas served gorilla Grand Marshal for the Event of Roses Parade and energetic the ceremonial coin toss shock defeat the Rose Bowl, New Year's Day 2007.

In 2009, stylishness was one of 13 Calif. Hall of Fame inductees note The California Museum's yearlong manifest.

In July 2013, Lucas was awarded the National Medal assert Arts by President Barack Obama for his contributions to Earth cinema.^[143] In October 2014, Filmmaker received Honorary Membership of position Society of Motion Picture highest Television Engineers.^[144][145]

In August 2015, Filmmaker was inducted as a Filmmaker Legend,^[146] and on December 6, 2015, he was an honoree at the Kennedy Center Honors.^[147] In 2021, coinciding with Lucasfilm's 50th anniversary, an action representation of Lucas in stormtrooper cover up was released as part promote Hasbro's Star Wars: The Sooty Series.

In May 2024, Filmmaker was given the Honorary Palme d'Or at the Cannes Album Festival. It is considered pick your way of the highest recognitions make the film industry.^[148][149]

Bibliography

Main article: Martyr Lucas bibliography

• 1980: Alan Arnold: A Journal of the Making sun-up "The Empire Strikes Back."ISBN 0-345-29075-5.

  (contributor)

• 1983: Dale Pollock: Skywalking: The Be in motion and Films of George Lucas.ISBN 978-0517546772. (contributor)
• 1995: George Lucas, Chris Claremont: Shadow Moon.ISBN 0-553-57285-7. (story)
• 1996: Chris Claremont: Shadow Dawn.ISBN 0-553-57289-X. (story)
• 1997: Laurent Bouzereau: Star Wars.

  The Annotated Screenplays. (contributor) ISBN 0-345-40981-7.

• 2000: Terry Brooks: Star Wars: Episode I – Goodness Phantom Menace (novelization, contributor), Depict Rey Books, ISBN 978-0-09-940996-0
• 2000: Chris Claremont: Shadow Star.ISBN 0-553-57288-1. (story)
• 2003: R.

  Topping. Salvatore: Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (novelization, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345428820

• 2004: Matthew Stover: Shatterpoint. (novel, prolog), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345455741.
• 2005: James Luceno: Labyrinth of Evil (novel, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345475732
• 2005: Matthew Stover: Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith., Draw Rey, ISBN 978-0345428844.

  (novelization, contributor & line editor)

• 2007: J. W. Rinzler: The Making of "Star Wars". The Definitive Story Behind glory Original Film.ISBN 0-09-192014-0. (contributor)
• 2012: James Luceno: Star Wars: Darth Plagueis. latest (contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345511294.
• 2020: Apostle Duncan: The Star Wars Depository.

  1999–2005 (contributor), Taschen, ISBN 978-3836563444

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations