Ketty selmer biography of william

2008 film

Flame & Citron (Danish: Flammen & Citronen) remains a 2008 historical drama integument co-written and directed by position Danish director Ole Christian Madsen. The film, a fictionalized chronicle based on historical events, stars Thure Lindhardt and Mads Mikkelsen as two Danish resistance momentum fighters nicknamed Flammen and Citronen, during the Nazi occupation admit Denmark in World War II.

Attracted by the story line of attack the pair since he was twelve, Madsen spent eight period along with co-writer Lars Youthful. Andersen researching historical archives survive produce it.

Madsen's idea was to bring attention to representation story of Flammen and Citronen as he felt it confidential been neglected or misrepresented. Decency most expensive Danish film lay hold of to that date, it was co-produced by German companies by reason of initially there was no corporate in producing the film confine Denmark.

Portraying the protagonists type morally ambiguous characters, the pretentious tried to depict war reorganization a complicated experience that goes beyond a good versus ill-omened dichotomy. With visual and description references borrowed from film noir and the French film Army of Shadows, Flame & Citron also explores themes of affection, betrayal, and the emotional aspects of relationships.

The film was released in Denmark on 28 March 2008 to positive reviews. High-mindedness most-watched film in the society that year, it was divine mostly for the actors' manoeuvre, dramatic style, and depiction oppress war and its moral dilemmas. Considered an art film provoke some critics, the film was compared, both favorably and negatively, to Army of Shadows spreadsheet other war films; it further sparked a debate over take the edge off historical accuracy.

Additionally, it was nominated for both domestic advocate international film awards, including blue blood the gentry Robert Awards, the Bodil Brownie points, and the European Film Acclaim.

Plot

Set after the Nazi incursion of Denmark, the film focuses on the Holger Danske grit group's Bent Faurschou Hviid (known as Flammen) and Jørgen Haagen Schmith (known as Citronen).

Include a bar, Bent flirts acquiesce a woman, who identifies man as Ketty Selmer and disturbs him by saying his verifiable name. Bent follows and confronts her, whereupon she says she is a courier running messages between Stockholm and Copenhagen.

Aksel Winther, Bent and Jørgen's trainer, asks them to kill Elisabeth Lorentzen, Horst Gilbert, and Hermann Seibold–members of the Abwehr, European military intelligence.

Bent and Jørgen argue over it as they kill only Danes, to diminish the chance of Nazi return. Winther claims to be fakery on orders from the management in exile. Bent kills Lorentzen but fails to kill Doc and Seibold. Jørgen, his partner, Bodil and their daughter, Ann, celebrate Ann's birthday in their car as they lack insolvency, and Bodil laments over their relationship.

Later, Bent, Jørgen gift Whinter meet Spex from character Danish Army Intelligence. He says there will be no mega attacks, as they need untouched for a big attack. They agree not to follow Spex's order and Jørgen kills Designer. That night, Jørgen robs top-notch grocery store and takes significance products to his family; on the contrary, Bodil announces she is temporarily deprive of sight another man.

After several workers of the resistance are attach by the Gestapo, Winther suspects they have an informant. Ulterior, Bent visits Ketty's hotel with they have sex. Jørgen visits his wife and advises decline boyfriend to treat her deservedly or he will return. Featureless a meeting, Winther says integrity informer is Ketty and at once her death.

Bent meets Ketty; she tells him she deeds for Winther and for armed force intelligence and that Winther does not work for the Land. Winther, involved with Gilbert at an earlier time Seibold, had ordered their kill to not to be unconventional as a traitor. Bent turf Jørgen search for Winther smudge a bar and discover drift he has escaped to Stockholm.

They realize it is nifty trap, and escape from leadership Gestapo. They decide to dexterity Karl Heinz Hoffmann, the Gestapo leader and then take make up the Gestapo's favorite restaurant. Accommodate abandons his plan when grace sees approaching police. That stygian, Ketty says to Bent make certain he and Jørgen should test to Stockholm. In the tryst, they are offered positions bundle the Danish Army but beg off.

A man called Ravnen gives them the name of depiction real informer and Jørgen kills him.

Bent visits his paterfamilias, a hotel owner, who says Hoffmann, his family and circlet mistresses visit there on case. Bent sees Ketty arrive put off the hotel with Hoffman staging what appears to be smashing tryst. Later, Bent confronts Ketty and she says army brains requested her to stay bottom to Hoffmann.

Bent asks what car Hoffman uses and what his route is. Later, triumph the road, Bent, Jørgen fairy story others open fire on one cars with Nazi flags on the other hand are dismayed to discover they have killed a father have a word with wounded a child. An infuriated Bent goes to Ketty's bed room, only to discover give it some thought she has flown to Stockholm, fearing Hoffmann's retaliation.

Bent careful Jørgen again plan to considerate Hoffmann and disguise themselves gorilla policemen. They are arrested make a claim a general round-up of point of view execution of the German-allied Scandinavian police. Jørgen leaps a enclosure and is shot, allowing Helpful to escape. Jørgen flees promote to a safe house but, what because a German squad arrives, operate kills some with a sub-machine gun and grenades but crack killed.

Bent, in his impress, commits suicide with a nitrile pill when the Gestapo arrives. Later, Hoffmann gives Ketty position reward for helping apprehend Venal and a letter from him found in his room, moniker which he expresses his polish and his doubt of break through betrayal. The film ends stay alive notes about Bent and Jørgen's legacy.

Cast

Production

Development

Director Ole Christian Madsen had read the book They Saw It Happen about say publicly anti-Nazi Resistance when he was 12. He was especially drawn by the story of probity pair because of their good ambiguity.^[1][2] Madsen stated, "They both fascinated and scared me, deed I sensed there was cape dark and untold in their story."^[2] He "wanted to manufacture a film that would reawaken and reassess their reputation".^[2] Epoch later, he met writer Lars K.

Andersen, who had likewise read the book during rulership childhood, and this led them to envision a film.^[1] Interpretation project started in 1999; rendering idea for the film blunt not attract sponsors because view was viewed as "past history" or because it portrayed excellence resistance "outrageously".^[1] This was proper one of Madsen's objectives: disdain talk about their story in that Danish wartime archives listed diverse fatalities simply as casualties clamour war instead of counting them as murders, thus "suppress[ing]" their real story.^[3] He wanted tend bring attention to a spot of Danish history "the world power has since neglected to hot air about", resulting in a "collective misrepresentation".^[4] By discussing it, Madsen hoped not to talk deliberate only past but the indicate since he thinks that "to understand what happens in representation world's focal points today goes through history" and that "The story of two illegal rebels is an eternally useful appear even if it is afflicted out in 1944".^[5]

Even in influence wake of major companies' denial to support the project, Madsen and Andersen continued to proof archives in England, Germany tolerate Sweden.^[6] In 2005, however, European films about World War II started to become popular, esoteric several German companies became feeling in the idea for nobleness film.^[1] It became a co-production between Denmark and Germany,^[7] meet three companies—Nimbus Film, Wüste Ep and Babelsberg Studio—producing it.^[8][9][10] Contempt October 2006, it had even now got 75% of its proof 45 million Danish kroner (or $7.6 million) budget from the Danish Coat Institute, Danish TV 2, service other financiers in Norway, Sverige and Germany.^[5] Filming started Parade 2007 and lasted until May well 2007;^[11][12] large parts of illustriousness film were shot at locations in Copenhagen, Denmark, and Praha, Czech Republic,^[11] and it as well took place at the Babelsberg locations in Potsdam-Babelsberg, Germany.^[12] Raise received a €342,000 ($460,000) cater to or for from the German Film Fund [de]^[8][9] for its total budget comprehensive $8.6 million (6.3 million),^[11][12] conception it the most expensive Nordic film produced to that date.^[3]

Originally, Madsen planned to create far-out docudrama-style film^[4] but when sharptasting discovered Ketty was a Country spy and had a fondness affair with Flammen he denaturised his mind.^[3][13] This finding "forced me to make the lp a much more stylish, enhanced noirish piece of work."^[3] "Even so, I tried to conceal a soft touch style-wise manage of respect for the film's subject," said Madsen.^[4] He try to make it feel be located by "eliminating the distance fall prey to 1944" and directing the crust as if it were backdrop in the present.^[4]

Casting

Thure Lindhardt, grand frequent collaborator in Madsen's motion pictures with an ability to "slip himself into any part", according to the director, was hallmark as Flammen.^[6] Mads Mikkelsen was chosen to play Citronen by means of the director before his general career was launched because, despite the fact that Madsen said, "he has that grand masculinity, and he approaches his roles like an animal".^[6] Both Lindhardt and Mikkelsen were cast early in the undertaking, in about 2005,^[6] and Stine Stengade was cast as Ketty even earlier—in 2001.^[14] The performers process "wasn't really difficult, due to I didn't feel that good many people could play these parts", Madsen stated.^[14]

Visual style

The optical style was described by grandeur director as a mix infer his own former films which varied from "film-noir in sheltered essence, very dark and disentangle eclectic" to "hand-held", "more visually relaxing".^[6] Guy Lodge of Incontention described it as "owing disproportionate to film noir in glory intricacy of its narrative enjoin the lush, shadow-drenched stylization love its visuals".^[2] Wally Hammond, purport Time Out London, said sheltered cinematography varies "between atmospheric, noir-esque period evocation and modern widescreen stylings, with excellent use forestall low-key lighting, silhouettes and location".^[15] Mark Jenkins of NPR uttered it had a "classic look" both in visuals and middle storytelling; visually, "with widescreen compositions, overhead shots and dramatic change of light and dark", spreadsheet in its narrative "[s]ome sequences are quick and messy, on the contrary others are grand and theatrical."^[16]Joe Morgenstern, critic for The Make known Street Journal, said the "pace is deliberate, [and] the bring into line is pensive, albeit punctuated through occasional violence."^[17]

Madsen was influenced by virtue of Jean-Pierre Melville's Army of Shadows (1969), about the French Grit, especially "the way it booming its story through only rituals and dialogue".^[2] He watched even about half a year formerly filming Flame & Citron, scold it also inspired "the mythologizing of the characters" in Flame & Citron.^[6] Manohla Dargis hold The New York Times asserted, "You can see the Writer touch in the impenetrable diffuseness that spill across Mr.

Madsen's carefully composed mise-en-scène and pin down the fedoras and trench coats worn by his two heroes."^[18] Erica Abeel of The Indecent Reporter said, "In its tough-mindedness Flame [& Citron] owes often to Jean-Pierre Melville's Army exhaustive Shadows."^[19]

Themes

A deeply involving look elbow people living permanently on goodness knife-edge of danger ...

Its utter accomplishment may be to trade mark these historical conflicts and dilemmas seem surprisingly contemporary. When merciful says of the situation, "it's not just or unjust, it's just war," that may facsimile the most modern message funding all.

— Kenneth Turan, Los Angeles Times^[20]

In the film Madsen tried restrain challenge the idea of enmity as "black and white" extra the idea that the resilience was "a cohesive whole".^[1][4] Do something says of war that establish "has many more nuances, smash into is grayer, less defined.

Like that which an enemy may stop existence one at any time increase in intensity a friend can become draw in enemy overnight, things become open clear".^[1] Ella Taylor of The Village Voice commented, "Flame & Citron is less about nobility battle between good and forbidding than about losing one's run off in the fog of enmity, which makes it hard carry out tell friend from foe unthinkable harder yet to sort custom the rules of engagement, person in charge complicates the heroic honor suitability of movies about the 'good war.'"^[21] Marshall Fine of The Huffington Post asserted that distinction violence in the film psychotherapy double-edged: "[it] takes its peal on the perpetrator as victoriously as the victim."^[22] Similarly, The Irish Times's Derek Scally claimed the film analyses "the dehumanising effect of assassinations on assassin".^[23]

Madsen tried to explore this "moral dilemma", "the drama behind greatness story of the 'illegals'" limit human psychology in crisis situations.

Madsen ultimately defined his album "as an investigation of what happens psychologically to someone who sacrifices himself in war".^[4] On account of of this, he portrayed Flammen and Citronen as "modern heroes with cracks in their souls and doubts and insecurities".^[4] Citronen even reflected upon killing exercises but, as Madsen said, "he did it.

He sold rift his humanity for the paramount price."^[3] Kenneth Turan of rank Los Angeles Times described ethics story as "a psychologically about look at what heroism does to heroes. The actions these men take tear at their lives, their families, their truly essence."^[20] Morgenstern analysed it introduce "a meditation on the add of heroism, and the mission for purity of purpose".^[17] Turan even said it is "more nihilistic than idealistic",^[20] while Tirdad Derakhshani of The Philadelphia Inquirer asserted that it "balances authority whizzing bullets and political fascinate with an elegiac tone scold an existential edge just that side of nihilism".^[24] Its print of the resistance in unadulterated non-heroic way made it excellent "one-off film" in Danish flicks, according to film historian Lars-Martin Sørensen.^[25]

Another theme the film deals with is the bureaucracy lessening the resistance, according to Hurtful Burr of Boston Globe, introduce the main pair would opt for to work as freelancers.^[26] Handwriting for The Washington Post, Archangel O'Sullivan said the film further has "a surprisingly contemporary subtext, as when Hoffmann, in set abortive showdown with Flame, calls his would-be assassin a unobjectionable, but ultimately misguided, terrorist.

'Don't you realize,' Hoffmann asks, 'you're just a tool for humanitarian with less pure motives?'"^[27] Creole also commented that "The release repeatedly poses that question ["Who's being set up here?"] endure pointedly refuses to answer. Manage without its silence, it suggests prowl in wartime everyone can aptly both user and used."^[26]

Kenneth Turan affirmed that Flame & Citron has several themes as likeness "is chock full of scheme and incident, action and affaire de coeur, loyalty and betrayal".^[20] Derakhshani purported it "rehearses virtually every story of the classic genre piece: violence, sex and romance, scrap, spies, betrayals, a femme fatale, and a murderous Gestapo officer".^[24] Cynthia Fuchs of PopMatters eminent that, though he has less deal mainly with "moral questions, Flame confronts an emotional complication—in the conventional form of precise woman".^[28] Abeel argued that "For beneath his stony exterior, it's Flame's romantic soul that liking prove his worst enemy.

That masterful film is at previously a portrait of wartime firmness and a poignant journey attentive a boy's secret heart."^[19]

Release

Flame & Citron debuted in Danish theaters on 28 March 2008 and premiered on 28 August 2008 in Germany.^[29] The film was seen do without over 770,000 people in Europe;^[29] it had a public make out 668,000 in Denmark, making enter into the most watched film hassle the country that year.^[30] Warranty grossed $9,210,518 in Denmark represent a total of $10,186,084 punishment screenings in twelve other countries—Argentina, Austria, Colombia, Germany, Greece, Latest Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, goodness United Kingdom, and the Allied States.^[31]

Flame & Citron was domestically distributed by Sandrew Metronome play a role Denmark;^[32] it was released ferment DVD and Blu-ray Disc publication 30 September 2008.^[33][34] The film was distributed by Metrodome in description United Kingdom, who released understand on DVD on 1 January 2009,^[35] theatrically on 6 March 2009,^[31][36] splendid on Blu-ray on 29 June 2009.^[37] In the United States, IFC Films licensed the film, charge its North American debut occurred at the Telluride Film Commemoration on 29 August 2008.^[38][39] IFC insecure it on demand on 29 July 2009,^[40] while its theatrical set free was on 31 July 2009,^[31] subject its home media release was on 23 February 2010.^[41]

Critical reception

Domestic reviews

Critical response to the film was mixed but mostly positive herbaceous border Denmark,^[42][43] including praise for Madsen's direction, the performances of Lindhardt, Mikkelsen, Stengade and Mygind;^[42] opinions were divided about the playing of the main characters.^[45] Rectitude film "has shocked Danish audiences" for its portrayal of probity protagonists as non-heroic,^[46] and has been criticised by historians.^[47][48]Berlingske's Ebbe Iversen commented that it package be both good and inferior to have morally ambiguous note as it can be special to as "an artistic force" optimism have "authentic protagonists psychology", on the other hand it can also be discomfiting to have their motives represent as "enigmatic".^[49] The critic suspected it did not make resign a bad film, instead "its subtle, not uncritical portrayal observe the resistance seems sober extremity serious, the style is acted upon out to the smallest thing, and in its outer get up the film is the category of work that you insufficiently call conventional and more affectionate describe as classic."^[49]

Henrik Queitsch ingratiate yourself Ekstra Bladet praised the immediate sequences for its details, uniform saying it is the finest Danish war film ever view said it is also "a booming interesting history and grand multifaceted psychological portrait – not sole of Flame and Citron, however also of the many ancestors they come across in their path".^[50] Kim Skotte of Politiken said it had more curtain of fire than psychology and that tread lacked a more detailed recital of the characters' backgrounds drift would justify their personalities.^[51] Script book for Jyllands-Posten, Johs.

H. Christensen wrote that there "never occurs any real connection, no disquiet, no interaction, no common 1 between Flame and Citron, though they are inextricably linked maximum of the time".^[52]

DR's Per Juul Carlsen declared on Filmland [da] turn this way although the film is visually beautiful, he is not awkwardness it should be this way: "Had it not been greater and more correct to broadcast the story really ugly put forward blurry in the rain rather than of sunshine ...

with realism a substitute alternatively of polished exquisiteness[?]".^[53] He very criticized it for sharing likewise much of the American cutthroat and spy film clichés.^[53] Blue blood the gentry most critical review was without equal by Georg Metz [da] of Dagbladet Information,^[43] who criticized its historicity and thought the characters were psychologically underdeveloped and uninteresting.

Metz wrote, "The nicest [thing] pick your way can say about this layer, if it is nice, psychotherapy that it celebrates the naïve view of history" and designated it as "[a] neo-nationalisticpanopticon pick up the check predominantly cardboard figures that option be suitable for evening enjoyment for the Danish People's Group and the Liberal Party congresses.

Quite apart from that review a third of the examination is hard to understand, thanks to the players do not blather appropriately."^[54]

International reviews

The film was customarily well received by Western critics. Based on 70 reviews serene by Rotten Tomatoes, it has an overall approval rating be incumbent on 86 percent from critics and be over average score of 6.8 proceed of 10.^[55] According to say publicly website's consensus, the film, "though lengthy and sprawling, is noticeable and competently made".^[55]Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating from Century top reviews by mainstream critics, calculated a score of 74 based on 20 reviews, typical of "generally favorable reviews".^[56]

SFGate's Walter presumed, "[t]hough the material might borrow itself to heavy-handedness, director Fail Christian Madsen is steady, folk tale he gets fine performances breakout the two leads and [Stine] Stengade."^[57] The actors' performances were also praised by Fine, who said "Lindhardt and Mikkelsen shake to and fro a fascinating team", while "Stengade is appropriately slippery".^[22]Todd McCarthy running off Variety asserted that "[p]erformances recognize the value of low-key but resolute and teeming with nerves and intensity."^[58] Marc Savlov of The Austin Chronicle commented that "Mikkelsen and Lindhardt are spectacularly invested in their roles. ...

Beyond that is on the rocks drop-dead gorgeous period noir, disorder with paranoia, femmes fatales, have a word with good men inexorably sinking be the bloody mire and murky texture of life (and death) during wartime."^[59]

Abeel praised how, stop "[a]voiding the docu-style string unbutton anecdotes of many fact-based motion pictures, it offers the shapeliness good turn irony of classic drama".^[19] Hammond commended Madsen as the pick up "achieves a sense of subjective complexity – and a pervasive sky of fear and confusion – outofdoors sacrificing the rhythm and dramaturgical tension necessary to a enmity film".^[15]Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly praised its combination of "sharp scenes of moral inquiry right a few too many utilitarian, oldfangled espionage twists".^[60] Fuchs applauded the interpolation of emotional interaction as they "help to do Flame & Citron's taut take pleasure in even more effective.

Beautifully choreographed and filmed in deep shade that cut the violence ways shadowy, brutal fragments, Flame station Citron's jobs are at in times gone by thrilling and disconcerting".^[28]Kate Taylor The Globe and Mail, still, said the romantic relationship, "predictable in a James Bond pitiless of way, is the weakest link in the script".^[61]

Nick director Semlyen from Empire considered noisy an average film, saying "It's familiar ground for anyone who's seen Black Book or Sophie Scholl, but director Ole Christlike Madsen steers a skilful path, keeping things grim but clump to an off-putting extent, transportation a David Lynch-esque vibe pocket Flame's hotel dalliances with graceful shady lady and pulling musical an incredible death scene fit in one of the leads."^[62] Noel Murray of The A.V.

Club criticized it for "hammer[ing] very hard on the shopworn summit of how war sickens souls. Far more interesting is Flame & Citron's other theme: birth idea that war turns integrity notion of 'shades of gray' into a luxury".^[63] V. A. Musetto, for the New York Post, commented that, although it "features well-choreographed shootouts and assassinations", disloyalty "script is too melodramatic squeeze complicated for its own good".^[64] Burr mostly praised it on the other hand said that "Madsen eventually loses his way", stating that to was "not enough" information reach your destination Citron and that the single "feels packed with events dominant frustratingly unfocused".^[26] Derakhshani argued turn it "has some rough, deadly patches – at 130 minutes, it's simply too long.

And closefitting reiteration of Hollywood cliches isn't always successful. Regardless, it court case, along with Paul Verhoeven's Black Book, one of the uppermost accomplished films to come view of the recent wave short vacation neoclassic and revisionist WW II films".^[24]

Comparisons to other films

Jenkins said high-mindedness best scenes in Flame become calm Citron are the ones who share Army of Shadows's "chaos", and he criticised what inaccuracy described as an aspiration "to be a noble national gallant, rather than the rougher, auxiliary universal tale of two foolhardy men fighting for a cause".^[16] To Jenkins, Melville's film confidential a "more cogent outlook" as "[f]ighting the Nazis was fairminded like any other gang enmity – a mad scramble forbear survive".^[16] On the other in close proximity, Dargis commented that Army enjoy Shadows's "lack of pity" adjusts it "so unbearably sad, treason almost repellent hardness of diametrically.

What Flame & Citron has instead are decent men legation down Nazis... and some nice actors."^[18]Slant Magazine's Tom Stempel thoroughbred, "I found Army of Shadows both admirable and chilling, concentrate on in some ways Flame & Citron is even better."^[65]

Although sand praised the "beautifully choreographed cope with shot" action sequences, Murray criticized Flame & Citron for "lean[ing] toward the handsome and humane when it could stand count up be a lot dirtier dowel more visceral", citing Black Book as a "superb counter-example".^[63] Stempel declared that it "is yowl as exciting as" Black Book, "but Verhoeven was dealing pick up again people having to make uninterrupted moral decisions instantaneously.

Flame & Citron takes its time be in opposition to turn the screws on loom over characters, and us."^[65]Ella Taylor argued in favor of Flame & Citron, saying it "is distinction film that the horribly blown up Black Book could have antiquated, had Paul Verhoeven not elite in the puerile reversals get on to sensitive Nazis and treacherous partisans."^[21] Fuchs also compared the good dilemmas the characters have squeeze deal with to Black Book and Steven Spielberg's Munich nevertheless said Flame & Citron does not have "the splendid surrealish excess" and "the weird conflation of maternal bodies and motherlands" of the two films, respectively.^[28] Gleiberman could "feel the dimness of Steven Spielberg's Munich in the offing close at over Flame & Citron".^[60]

Another husk it was compared to was Inglourious Basterds; Brad Auerbach, retrieve Entertainment Today, wrote that "Whereas Inglourious Basterds contains a troop of cleverly humorous moments significance it builds to its remission, Flame & Citron is spick calculated and somber treatment surrounding an intriguingly difficult topic."^[66] O'Sullivan said that "Inglourious Basterds-style hanker fulfillment this isn't,"^[27] and Pidgin dubbed it "the anti-Inglourious Basterds".^[26] O'Sullivan said that it joint similarities to Butch Cassidy take precedence the Sundance Kid as charge is "the story of fair rogues with guns.

It's fast-paced, stylish and thrilling. But well-found also raises one tough question."^[27] Kate Taylor, however, commented cruise as opposed to Cassidy mushroom Kid, Flammen and Citronen "remain an imperfectly matched duo".^[61]St. Gladiator Post-Dispatch's Joe Williams said ramble in contrast to "lavish thrillers" Black Book, Inglourious Basterds abstruse Avatar of Hollywood-ish "heroic defiance", Flame and Citron is "lean and psychological, rooted in loftiness either-or of wartime choices".^[67]

Art-house crust status

Usually described as a photoplay or a thriller,^[2][13][15]Flame & Citron can also be classified because a historical drama,^[25] a bloodshed film,^[15] a war drama^[68] (or a war thriller)^[16] and neat as a pin gangster drama.^[8] As it has been screened in art-house theaters in the United States lecturer Europe,^[69][70] it has also archaic described as an art-house film.^[68][71] Lodge stated it has "stately middle-arthouse stylings and thriller overtones".^[2] Walter Addiego of SFGate commented that it "has the appear, and sometimes the pacing, ingratiate yourself a serious Hollywood picture, however it has an art-house mood".^[57] Nick Roddick of the London Evening Standard commented that "it could succumb to the Sod's Law of foreign-language cinema: bring in a arthouse movie too advert and you risk losing both audiences."^[68] Abeel opined, "This frigid portrait of two assassins sensitive Nazis point-blank offers no Hollywood-style uplift to mollify mainstream consultation.

But Flame [& Citron] have to pull in a niche grade of World War II connoisseurs nearby will delight art-house and contrary audiences with its innovative mingle of drama and history filtered through genre."^[19]

Awards and nominations

The release was nominated for fourteen Parliamentarian Awards, winning Best Costume Example, Best Make-Up, Best Production Base, Best Sound, and Best For all Effects.^[72][73] Out of three Bodil Awards nominations, Flame & Citron won Best Cinematography.^[74][75] At picture Zulu Awards, it won disturbance three awards for which turn out well was nominated.^[36] The film was also nominated for the Dweller Film Awards, Marrakech International Hide Festival, and Valladolid International Coating Festival, but did not come first any award.^[76][77][78]

Historical accuracy

The curiosity of the Danish people form the Nazis and the assassinations committed by the resistance bad humor had been a taboo gist since World War II, with educated literature on the topic solitary being produced from the Eighties and 1990s.^[25] Contemporary works decentralize Flammen and Citronen have archaic scarce.

Madsen opined, "I dream they didn't fit into excellence official storytelling on how Danmark behaved during the Second Faux War."^[13] Many of the comrades of the resistance suffered get round different traumas, became alcoholics minor-league committed suicide and a do few survived.^[25] Because of that, in addition to conducting analysis for eight years in sequential archives,^[47] Madsen and his group interviewed surviving people related disturb them.^[13][69] Nonetheless, the film has sparked controversy among historians.^[47][48]

The characterization of Flammen's death was challenged by Danish National Archives's Cock Birkelund [da].

In the film Flammen commits suicide in the construct of his house after righteousness Gestapo find him, presumably in that of Ketty's betrayal. Birkelund, dispel, says Flammen was killed fear a coastal road while description Gestapo was looking for recourse resistance member.^[47] In contrast, rectitude filming of Citron's death, which would require 250 soldiers, was consciously altered by Madsen verify budgetary reasons.^[3]

Ketty's depiction as a-okay double agent and Flammen's inamorata has also been contested gross Birkelund.^[47] However, Madsen was go about the affair and misinterpret in a Stockholm archive topping receipt for 20,000 Danish crowns given to her by honourableness Gestapo two days after Flammen's death.^[13] Her involvement with significance Gestapo leader Hoffmann, and other refusal to talk about grandeur topic, were the main grounds for Madsen's conclusion.^[47]

In the peel, Aksel Winther, who is homegrown on Vilhelm Leifer, is representation one who gives Flammen delighted Citronen orders to kill.

Birkelund pointed out that he confidential already moved to Sweden strong the time of their assassinations, while Madsen stated he was sure Leifer gave orders at one time leaving the country. Also, they met Frode Jacobsen in undiluted meeting in Sweden, and pacify is said to have obtain orders from there. Birkelund unwished for disagreeab the idea of Jacobsen investiture orders, but Madsen said excellence meetings were created by him to show that the intransigence movements of that time confidential approaches different from those leave undone their present-day counterparts.^[47]

Citron's relationship affair his wife was debated in that historians doubt that she betrayed him, since she gave extraction to their child shortly back end his death.^[47] Madsen was shoot the betrayal happened, but let go took the liberty of affirming the couple did not settle your differences back together.^[47] Madsen declared, "I do not think it enquiry morally tarnished to show rove people have affairs with dynasty they are not married require.

It's a beautiful description cut into a relationship that falls living apart in a time that abstruse great personal cost."^[47]

Ole Ewé, great former member of BOPA—another working group in the Danish resistance movement—disagreed with the description of probity attempt to kill the Gestapo leader Hoffman on the Roskildevej road.

In the film, leadership car had Nazi flags, deliver a soldier and his opposing are killed by resistance bombardment. Ewé said that on wander day he and other BOPA members were enlisted to put out of misery Arno Oskar Hammeken [da], a Gestapo informer. Flammen, who also traditional tips about the informer's position, appeared there and shot allocate the car.

Ewé said delay the man in the motor vehicle was in civilian clothes point of view there were no Nazi flags on the car.^[79]

According to The Irish Times, "Flame & Citron has sparked an emotive indicator debate in Denmark that has drawn all sorts of pseudo-experts out of the woodwork quick debate the portrayal of magnanimity period and the two true-life figures".^[23] Madsen defended himself byword it was an interpretation prowl "though it may not agree absolutely to reality, is come hell or high water more true".^[4] Mikkelsen stressed give it some thought they were the first "to do the original research, so far we suddenly had a max out of so-called experts telling murky how it really was spell how we were wrong".^[23] Integrity actor affirmed not too unnecessary is known about the transcribe and they hope it sparks the debate so "people disposition research and think some addon about it".^[23]

In the book Historicizing the Uses of the Past, edited by Helle Bjerg, Claudia Lenz and Erik Thorstensen, excellence authors compared the criticism Flame & Citron received for untruthfulness historical representation to that regular by Max Manus: Man salary War, a Norwegian film think of the Norwegian resistance movement.^[48] Space fully Madsen's film has been greatly criticized by historians, Max Manus gained the status of "real past" and received only excellent few criticisms that were discharged by resistance veterans, politicians limit even the king Harald V.^[48] Bjerg et al.

argued saunter the difference in reception can be attributed to the films' content, saying, "In stark compare to Flame & Citron, [Max Manus] doesn't challenge the sunbathe of the right and righteousness wrong side and the limited good cause."

Notes

References