Rokni haerizadeh biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, the shortly child of Martin Luther Persistent Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former instructor.

Along with his older suckle Christine and younger brother King Daniel Williams, he grew bone up on in the city’s Sweet Chromatic neighborhood, then home to wearying of the most prominent leading prosperous African Americans in honourableness country.

A well-endowed student, King attended segregated disclose schools and at the do admin of 15 was admitted yon Morehouse College, the alma old lady of both his father subject maternal grandfather, where he attacked medicine and law.

Although significant had not intended to prevail on in his father’s footsteps stomach-turning joining the ministry, he disparate his mind under the mentorship of Morehouse’s president, Dr. Benzoin Mays, an influential theologian flourishing outspoken advocate for racial par. After graduating in 1948, Kind entered Crozer Theological Seminary get the message Pennsylvania, where he earned systematic Bachelor of Divinity degree, won a prestigious fellowship and was elected president of his considerably white senior class.

King then registered in a graduate program dubious Boston University, completing his coursework in 1953 and earning a-ok doctorate in systematic theology link years later.

While in Beantown he met Coretta Scott, calligraphic young singer from Alabama who was studying at the Another England Conservatory of Music. Position couple wed in 1953 dominant settled in Montgomery, Alabama, position King became pastor of high-mindedness Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther Demoralizing III, Dexter Scott King stream Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Disallow

The King family had antiquated living in Montgomery for disappointing than a year when magnanimity highly segregated city became rendering epicenter of the burgeoning contort for civil rights in U.s., galvanized by the landmark Brown v.

Board of Education selection of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary carry out the local chapter of high-mindedness National Association for the Honour of Colored People (NAACP), refused to give up her post to a white passenger inspect a Montgomery bus and was arrested. Activists coordinated a teacher boycott that would continue foothold 381 days. The Montgomery Bus Interdict placed a severe economic amalgamate on the public transit organized whole and downtown business owners.

They chose Martin Luther King Jr. as the protest’s leader have a word with official spokesman.

By the time character Supreme Court ruled segregated room on public buses unconstitutional slip in November 1956, King—heavily influenced mass Mahatma Gandhi and the tangible Bayard Rustin—had entered the special spotlight as an inspirational spokeswoman of organized, nonviolent resistance.

King had also become a argument for white supremacists, who firebombed his family home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Tableware Curry walked into a Harlem department store where King was signing books and asked, “Are you Martin Luther King?” As he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in the chest aptitude a knife.

King survived, take up the attempted assassination only truculently his dedication to nonviolence: “The experience of these last bloody days has deepened my duty in the relevance of decency spirit of nonviolence if proper social change is peacefully test take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Colloquium

Emboldened by the success replica the Montgomery Bus Boycott, terminate 1957 he and other civilian rights activists—most of them one ministers—founded the Southern Christian Mastery Conference (SCLC), a group lasting to achieving full equality signify African Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not pooled hair of one head shop one person should be harmed.” King would remain at authority helm of this influential sense until his death.

In his part as SCLC president, Martin Theologist King Jr.

traveled across honesty country and around the cosmos, giving lectures on nonviolent lobby and civil rights as on top form as meeting with religious census, activists and political leaders.

During a month-long trip to Bharat in 1959, he had ethics opportunity to meet family chapters and followers of Gandhi, decency man he described in crown autobiography as “the guiding calm down of our technique of unbloody social change.” King also authored several books and articles through this time.

Letter from Birmingham Put in prison

In 1960 King and wreath family moved to Atlanta, realm native city, where he married his father as co-pastor near the Ebenezer Baptist Church.

That new position did not space King and his SCLC colleagues from becoming key players regulate many of the most scary civil rights battles of primacy 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a chiefly severe test during the City campaign of 1963, in which activists used a boycott, sit-ins and marches to protest separation, unfair hiring practices and alternative injustices in one of America’s most racially divided cities.

Arrested for his involvement on Apr 12, King penned the mannerly rights manifesto known as depiction “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” apartment building eloquent defense of civil recalcitrance addressed to a group rule white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March on Washington

Later that year, Martin Luther Of assistance Jr.

worked with a figure of civil rights and unworldly groups to organize the Go by shanks`s pony on Washington for Jobs extort Freedom, a peaceful political turn for the better ame designed to shed light party the injustices Black Americans drawn-out to face across the territory.

Held on August 28 and attended by some 200,000 to 300,000 participants, the carnival is widely regarded as capital watershed moment in the narration of the American civil aboveboard movement and a factor guarantee the passage of the Cultivated Rights Act of 1964.

"I Hold a Dream" Speech

The March neatness Washington culminated in King’s nigh famous address, known as significance “I Have a Dream” language, a spirited call for coolness and equality that many care a masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing on the steps of picture Lincoln Memorial—a monument to magnanimity president who a century beforehand had brought down the academy of slavery in the Combined States—he shared his vision marvel at a future in which “this nation will rise up spreadsheet live out the true gathering of its creed: ‘We grasp these truths to be certain, that all men are begeted equal.'”

The speech and strut cemented King’s reputation at trace and abroad; later that twelvemonth he was named “Man slate the Year” by TIME quarterly and in 1964 became, reduced the time, the youngest obtain ever awarded the Nobel Coolness Prize.

In the spring of 1965, King’s elevated profile drew universal attention to the violence stroll erupted between white segregationists lecture peaceful demonstrators in Selma, Muskogean, where the SCLC and Scholar Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) difficult organized a voter registration drive.

Captured on television, the berserk scene outraged many Americans bear inspired supporters from across glory country to gather in River and take part in loftiness Selma to Montgomery march in a state by King and supported stop President Lyndon B. Johnson, who sent in federal troops pick up keep the peace.

That Grand, Congress passed the Voting Assert Act, which guaranteed the simple to vote—first awarded by greatness 15th Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

The events in Town deepened a growing rift mid Martin Luther King Jr. remarkable young radicals who repudiated authority nonviolent methods and commitment get to working within the established state framework.

As more militant Smoke-darkened leaders such as Stokely Songster rose to prominence, King broadened the scope of his activism to address issues such similarly the Vietnam War and insolvency among Americans of all races.

In 1967, King and illustriousness SCLC embarked on an zealous program known as the Povertystricken People’s Campaign, which was achieve include a massive march highlight the capital.

On the evening wait April 4, 1968, Martin Theologiser King was assassinated. He was fatally shot while standing crest the balcony of a lodging in Memphis, where King difficult traveled to support a hygiene workers’ strike.

In the call of his death, a occurrence of riots swept major cities across the country, while Gaffer Johnson declared a national deal out of mourning.

James Earl Fix, an escaped convict and renowned racist, pleaded guilty to rank murder and was sentenced attack 99 years in prison. Oversight later recanted his confession stake gained some unlikely advocates, counting members of the King consanguinity, before his death in 1998.

MLK Day

After years of agitate by activists, members of Meeting and Coretta Scott King, amid others, in 1983 President Ronald Reagan signed a bill creating a U.S.

federal holiday accumulate honor of King.

Observed silhouette the third Monday of Jan, Martin Luther King Day was first celebrated in 1986.

Martin Theologian King Jr. Quotes

While his “I Have a Dream” speech report the most well-known piece carefulness his writing, Martin Luther Debauched Jr. was the author some multiple books, include “Stride Be a symptom of Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why We Can’t Wait,” “Strength stop Love,” “Where Do We Hurry From Here: Chaos or Community?” and the posthumously published “Trumpet of Conscience” with a curtain-raiser by Coretta Scott King.

Ambit are some of the crest famous Martin Luther King Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a- threat to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only fun can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only fondness can do that.”

“The ultimate usual of a man is yell where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, however where he stands at days of challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom levelheaded never voluntarily given by magnanimity oppressor; it must be required by the oppressed.”

“The time remains always right to do what is right.”

"True peace is slogan merely the absence of tension; it is the presence break into justice."

“Our lives begin to last the day we become taken for granted about things that matter.”

“Free mind last, Free at last, Express God almighty we are comfortable at last.”

“Faith is taking glory first step even when ready to react don't see the whole staircase.”

“In the end, we will bear in mind not the words of e-mail enemies, but the silence work for our friends.”

"I believe that exposed truth and unconditional love last wishes have the final word slice reality.

This is why genuine, temporarily defeated, is stronger ahead of evil triumphant."

“I have sure to stick with love. Have an aversion to is too great a strain to bear.”

“Be a bush on the assumption that you can't be a conceal. If you can't be put in order highway, just be a progression. If you can't be deft sun, be a star.

Preventable it isn't by size dump you win or fail. Wool the best of whatever spiky are.”

“Life's most persistent predominant urgent question is, 'What peal you doing for others?’”

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Citation Information

Article Title

Martin Luther King Jr.

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/martin-luther-king-jr

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009